Neuroimmunology represents an interdisciplinary field investigating the dynamic, bidirectional interactions between the immune system and the central and peripheral nervous systems. Beyond classical immune-mediated neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis, or autoimmune encephalitis, it is now evident that immune mechanisms contribute to virtually all neurological diseases. This includes neurodegeneration, stroke, and infections of the nervous system, as well as peripheral inflammatory conditions regulated by neuronal activity.